Django Cheatsheet
What is Django?
Django is a high-level Python web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design. Built by experienced developers, it takes care of much of the hassle of web development, so you can focus on writing your app without needing to reinvent the wheel. It’s free and open source. It is used for rapid development of web based application.
Advantages :
Installing Django + Setup
pip install djangoCreating a project
The below command creates a new project
django-admin startproject projectNameStarting a server
The below command starts the development server.
python manage.py runserverDjango MVT
Django follows MVT(Model, View, Template) architecture.
Sample Django Model
The model represents the schema of the database.
from django.db import models
class Product(models.Model): //Product is the name of our model
product_id=models.AutoFieldSample views.py
View decides what data gets delivered to the template.
from django.http import HttpResponse
def index(request):
return HttpResponse(''Django Cheatsheet'')
Sample HTML Template
A sample .html file that contains HTML, CSS and Javascript.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Django Cheatsheet</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a sample template file.</h1>
</body>
</html>
Views in Django
Sample Function-Based Views
A python function that takes a web request and returns a web response.
from django.http import HttpResponse
def index(request):
return HttpResponse(''This is a function based view.')
Sample Class-Based Views
Django's class-based views provide an object-oriented (OO) way of organizing your view code.
from django.views import View
class SimpleClassBasedView(View):
def get(self, request):
# code to process a GET requestURLs in Django
set of URL patterns to be matched against the requested URL.
Sample urls.py file
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('', views.index, name='index'),
path('about/', views.about, name='about'),
]Forms in Django
Similar to HTML forms but are created by Django using the form field.
Sample Django form
from django import forms
# creating a form
class SampleForm(forms.Form):
Name = forms.CharField()
description = forms.CharField()
Apps in Django
Apps in Django are like independent modules for different functionalities.
Creating an app
python manage.py startapp AppNameListing app in the settings.py
After creating an app, we need to list the app name in INSTALLED_APPS
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'AppName'
]Templates in Django
Used to handle dynamic HTML files separately.
Configuring templates in settings.py
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': ["templates"],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
# ... some options here ...
},
},
]Changing the views.py file
A view is associated with every template file. This view is responsible for displaying the content from the template.
def index(request):
return render(request, 'index.html') ; #render is used to return the templateSample template file
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Template is working</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a sample django template.</h1>
</body>
</html>
Migrations in Django
Migrations are Django's way of updating the database schema according to the changes that you make to your models.
Creating a migration
The below command is used to make migration but no changes are made to the actual database.
python manage.py makemigrations
Applying the migration
The below command is used to apply the changes to the actual database.
python manage.py migrateAdmin interface in Django
Django comes with a ready-to-use admin interface.
Creating the admin user
python manage.py createsuperuserPage Redirection
Redirection is used to redirect the user to a specific page of the application on the occurrence of an event.
Redirect method
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
def redirecting(request):
return redirect("https://www.cooldeveloperbangla.com")
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